Migrate DRM outputs to Smithay DrmCompositor

compositor/src/backends/direct.rs

@@ -1,26 +1,31 @@
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::error::Error;
 use std::io;
+use std::os::fd::AsFd;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
+mod capture;
+mod planes;
 mod scheduling;
 use scheduling::*;
 use smithay::backend::allocator::Fourcc;
 use smithay::backend::allocator::gbm::{GbmAllocator, GbmBufferFlags, GbmDevice};
-use smithay::backend::drm::{DrmDevice, DrmDeviceFd, DrmEvent, DrmEventTime, DrmNode, GbmBufferedSurface, NodeType};
+use smithay::backend::drm::compositor::{DrmCompositor, PrimaryPlaneElement};
+use smithay::backend::drm::exporter::gbm::GbmFramebufferExporter;
+use smithay::backend::drm::{DrmDevice, DrmDeviceFd, DrmEvent, DrmEventTime, DrmNode, NodeType};
 use smithay::backend::egl::{EGLContext, EGLDisplay};
 use smithay::backend::input::InputEvent;
 use smithay::backend::libinput::{LibinputInputBackend, LibinputSessionInterface};
-use smithay::backend::renderer::damage::OutputDamageTracker;
+use smithay::backend::renderer::gles::{GlesRenderer, GlesTexture};
-use smithay::backend::renderer::gles::GlesRenderer;
+use smithay::backend::renderer::utils::CommitCounter;
-use smithay::backend::renderer::{Bind, Frame, ImportDma, ImportMemWl, Renderer};
+use smithay::backend::renderer::{ImportDma, ImportMemWl, Renderer};
 use smithay::backend::session::libseat::LibSeatSession;
 use smithay::backend::session::{Event as SessionEvent, Session};
 use smithay::backend::udev::{UdevBackend, UdevEvent, primary_gpu};
 use smithay::desktop::layer_map_for_output;
 use smithay::desktop::utils::OutputPresentationFeedback;
-use smithay::output::{Mode as OutputMode, Output, PhysicalProperties, Scale, Subpixel};
+use smithay::output::{Mode as OutputMode, Output, OutputModeSource, PhysicalProperties, Scale, Subpixel};
 use smithay::reexports::calloop::timer::{TimeoutAction, Timer};
 use smithay::reexports::calloop::{EventLoop, RegistrationToken};
 use smithay::reexports::drm::control::{
@@ -37,7 +42,7 @@ use smithay::wayland::presentation::Refresh;
 use crate::Ferese;
 use crate::config::{OutputModeRequest, OutputProfile, OutputSettings, OutputTransform};
 use crate::metrics::RenderMetrics;
-use crate::render::{frame_effect_metrics, redraw_output, sampled_output_elements};
+use crate::render::{frame_effect_metrics, sampled_output_elements};
 
 pub struct DirectBackendState {
     pub session: LibSeatSession,
@@ -147,10 +152,18 @@ struct PresentationClock {
     missed_deadlines: u64,
 }
 
+type OutputCompositor = DrmCompositor<
+    GbmAllocator<DrmDeviceFd>,
+    GbmFramebufferExporter<DrmDeviceFd>,
+    OutputPresentationFeedback,
+    DrmDeviceFd,
+>;
+
 struct DirectDevice {
     drm: DrmDevice,
     gbm: GbmDevice<DrmDeviceFd>,
     renderer: GlesRenderer,
+    render_node: DrmNode,
     outputs: HashMap<crtc::Handle, DirectOutput>,
 }
 
@@ -161,8 +174,9 @@ struct DirectOutput {
     settings: OutputSettings,
     output: Output,
     global: GlobalId,
-    surface: GbmBufferedSurface<GbmAllocator<DrmDeviceFd>, OutputPresentationFeedback>,
+    surface: OutputCompositor,
-    damage_tracker: OutputDamageTracker,
+    primary_commit: Option<CommitCounter>,
+    capture_texture: Option<GlesTexture>,
     render_metrics: RenderMetrics,
     frame_pending: bool,
     scheduler: crate::frame_scheduler::FrameScheduler,
@@ -257,7 +271,8 @@ pub fn init(event_loop: &mut EventLoop<Ferese>, state: &mut Ferese) -> Result<()
                         device.outputs.values_mut().for_each(|output| {
                             cancel_output_timers(&handle, output);
                             output.surface.reset_buffers();
-                            output.damage_tracker = OutputDamageTracker::from_output(&output.output);
+                            output.primary_commit = None;
+                            output.capture_texture = None;
                             output.frame_pending = false;
                             output.power_off = false;
                         });
@@ -278,6 +293,15 @@ pub fn init(event_loop: &mut EventLoop<Ferese>, state: &mut Ferese) -> Result<()
                     for device in backend.devices.values_mut() {
                         if let Err(error) = device.drm.activate(true) {
                             tracing::error!(%error, "failed to reactivate DRM device");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        for output in device.outputs.values_mut() {
+                            // A suspended page flip may never arrive. Clear the old
+                            // pending frame before accepting a fresh submission.
+                            if let Err(error) = output.surface.clear().and_then(|()| output.surface.reset_state()) {
+                                tracing::error!(%error, "failed to reset DRM output after activation");
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -496,7 +520,7 @@ fn open_primary_device(
                         .and_then(|device| device.outputs.get_mut(&crtc))
                         .and_then(|output| match output.surface.frame_submitted() {
                             Ok(feedback) => {
-                                retired = true;
+                                retired = feedback.is_some();
                                 feedback
                             }
 
@@ -596,6 +620,7 @@ fn open_primary_device(
                 drm,
                 gbm,
                 renderer,
+                render_node,
                 outputs,
             },
         );
@@ -620,7 +645,7 @@ pub(crate) fn sleep_locked_outputs(state: &mut Ferese) {
                 continue;
             }
 
-            match output.surface.surface().clear() {
+            match output.surface.clear() {
                 Ok(()) => {
                     cancel_output_timers(&state.loop_handle, output);
                     output.power_off = true;
@@ -796,60 +821,77 @@ fn render_output(state: &mut Ferese, node: DrmNode, crtc: crtc::Handle, plan: cr
     let frame = state.sample_frame(&output.output, horizon);
     let rendered = {
         (|| -> Result<bool, Box<dyn Error>> {
-            state.process_dmabuf_imports(&mut device.renderer);
+            state.process_dmabuf_imports(&mut device.renderer, Some(device.render_node));
-            let (mut buffer, age) = output.surface.next_buffer()?;
             let elements = sampled_output_elements(state, &mut device.renderer, &output.output, true, &frame);
             let effects = frame_effect_metrics(&elements, output.output.current_scale().fractional_scale());
-            let mut framebuffer = device.renderer.bind(&mut buffer)?;
+            let flags = planes::frame_flags(
-            let result = output.damage_tracker.render_output(
+                state.output_has_fullscreen_for_frame(&output.output, frame.overview.is_presenting()),
-                &mut device.renderer,
+                state.output_has_animations(&output.output),
-                &mut framebuffer,
+                state.session_lock.active,
-                usize::from(age),
+            );
-                &elements,
+            let result =
-                [0.035, 0.04, 0.055, 1.0],
+                output
-            )?;
+                    .surface
-            let cursorless_capture = state.has_pending_screencopy(&output.output, false);
+                    .render_frame(&mut device.renderer, &elements, [0.035, 0.04, 0.055, 1.0], flags)?;
-            let captured_with_cursor =
-                state.process_screencopies(&mut device.renderer, &framebuffer, &output.output, true);
 
-            if cursorless_capture {
+            if result.needs_sync()
-                let cursorless_elements =
+                && let PrimaryPlaneElement::Swapchain(primary) = &result.primary_element
-                    sampled_output_elements(state, &mut device.renderer, &output.output, false, &frame);
+            {
-                redraw_output(
+                primary.sync.wait()?;
-                    &mut device.renderer,
-                    &mut framebuffer,
-                    &output.output,
-                    &cursorless_elements,
-                )?;
-                state.process_screencopies(&mut device.renderer, &framebuffer, &output.output, false);
-                redraw_output(&mut device.renderer, &mut framebuffer, &output.output, &elements)?;
-            } else if captured_with_cursor {
-                let _ = device
-                    .renderer
-                    .render(
-                        &mut framebuffer,
-                        output.output.current_mode().expect("output has a mode").size,
-                        output.output.current_transform(),
-                    )?
-                    .finish()?;
             }
 
-            let Some(damage) = result.damage.cloned() else {
+            capture::capture_output(
+                state,
+                &mut device.renderer,
+                &mut output.capture_texture,
+                &output.output,
+                &frame,
+            )?;
+
+            if result.is_empty {
                 output
                     .render_metrics
                     .record_no_damage(render_started.elapsed(), missed_deadlines);
                 return Ok(false);
-            };
+            }
 
+            // Count GPU composition damage; direct scanout and cursor-only
+            // updates do not redraw the primary swapchain.
+            let (damage, primary_commit) = match &result.primary_element {
+                PrimaryPlaneElement::Swapchain(primary) => {
+                    let damage = primary.damage.damage_since(output.primary_commit);
+                    let damage = damage.map_or_else(
+                        || {
+                            vec![smithay::utils::Rectangle::from_size(
+                                output.output.current_mode().unwrap().size,
+                            )]
+                        },
+                        |damage| {
+                            damage
+                                .iter()
+                                .map(|rect| {
+                                    smithay::utils::Rectangle::new(
+                                        (rect.loc.x, rect.loc.y).into(),
+                                        (rect.size.w, rect.size.h).into(),
+                                    )
+                                })
+                                .collect()
+                        },
+                    );
+                    (damage, Some(primary.damage.current_commit()))
+                }
+
+                PrimaryPlaneElement::Element(_) => (Vec::new(), None),
+            };
             let presentation = crate::presentation::take_output_feedback(
                 state,
                 &output.output,
                 &result.states,
                 Kind::Vsync | Kind::HwClock | Kind::HwCompletion,
             );
-            output
+            drop(result);
-                .surface
+            output.surface.queue_frame(presentation)?;
-                .queue_buffer(Some(result.sync), Some(damage.clone()), presentation)?;
+            output.primary_commit = primary_commit;
             output
                 .render_metrics
                 .record_frame(render_started.elapsed(), &damage, missed_deadlines, effects);
@@ -992,7 +1034,9 @@ fn rescan_device(state: &mut Ferese, node: DrmNode) {
                         }
                     }
 
-                    output.damage_tracker = OutputDamageTracker::from_output(&output.output);
+                    output.surface.reset_buffer_ages();
+                    output.primary_commit = None;
+                    output.capture_texture = None;
                     if let Some(backend) = state.direct_backend.as_mut() {
                         let clock = backend.presentation.entry((node, crtc)).or_default();
                         clock.set_refresh(OutputMode::from(output.mode).refresh);
@@ -1564,16 +1608,30 @@ fn create_direct_output(
     let identity = connector_identity(drm, &connector);
     let drm_surface = drm.create_surface(crtc, mode, &[connector.handle()])?;
     let allocator = GbmAllocator::new(gbm.clone(), GbmBufferFlags::RENDERING | GbmBufferFlags::SCANOUT);
-    let surface = GbmBufferedSurface::new(
+    let node = DrmNode::from_file(gbm.as_fd())?;
+    let render_node = node
+        .node_with_type(NodeType::Render)
+        .and_then(Result::ok)
+        .unwrap_or(node);
+    let mut surface = DrmCompositor::new(
+        OutputModeSource::Static {
+            size: OutputMode::from(mode).size,
+            scale: settings.scale.into(),
+            transform: output_transform(settings.transform),
+        },
         drm_surface,
+        None,
         allocator,
-        &[Fourcc::Argb8888, Fourcc::Abgr8888],
+        GbmFramebufferExporter::new(gbm.clone(), Some(render_node)),
+        [Fourcc::Argb8888, Fourcc::Abgr8888],
         renderer.dmabuf_formats(),
+        drm.cursor_size(),
+        Some(gbm.clone()),
     )?;
     // Publish only after DRM/GBM creation succeeds; failed activation must not
     // leave a phantom output/workspace that could receive evacuated windows.
     let (output, global) = create_output(state, &connector, mode, identity, &settings);
-    let damage_tracker = OutputDamageTracker::from_output(&output);
+    surface.set_output_mode_source((&output).into());
     let render_metrics = RenderMetrics::from_environment(output.name());
 
     tracing::info!(?crtc, connector = %connector, "initialized DRM output");
@@ -1585,7 +1643,8 @@ fn create_direct_output(
         output,
         global,
         surface,
-        damage_tracker,
+        primary_commit: None,
+        capture_texture: None,
         render_metrics,
         frame_pending: false,
         power_off: false,

compositor/src/backends/direct/capture.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+use smithay::backend::allocator::Fourcc;
+use smithay::backend::renderer::element::RenderElement;
+use smithay::backend::renderer::gles::{GlesError, GlesRenderer, GlesTarget, GlesTexture};
+use smithay::backend::renderer::{Bind, Offscreen, Texture};
+use smithay::output::Output;
+
+use crate::Ferese;
+use crate::render::{redraw_output, sampled_output_elements};
+use crate::state::FrameScene;
+
+pub(super) fn capture_output(
+    state: &mut Ferese,
+    renderer: &mut GlesRenderer,
+    texture: &mut Option<GlesTexture>,
+    output: &Output,
+    scene: &FrameScene,
+) -> Result<(), GlesError> {
+    for include_cursor in [true, false] {
+        if !state.has_pending_screencopy(output, include_cursor) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // Sample the same scene into an independent target: the displayed
+        // primary buffer may omit both a scanned-out client and hardware cursor.
+        let elements = sampled_output_elements(state, renderer, output, include_cursor, scene);
+        let target = render_capture(renderer, texture, output, &elements)?;
+        state.process_screencopies(renderer, &target, output, include_cursor);
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn render_capture<'a, E: RenderElement<GlesRenderer>>(
+    renderer: &mut GlesRenderer,
+    texture: &'a mut Option<GlesTexture>,
+    output: &Output,
+    elements: &[E],
+) -> Result<GlesTarget<'a>, GlesError> {
+    let size = output.current_mode().expect("output has a mode").size;
+
+    if texture
+        .as_ref()
+        .is_none_or(|texture| texture.size() != (size.w, size.h).into())
+    {
+        *texture = Some(Offscreen::<GlesTexture>::create_buffer(
+            renderer,
+            Fourcc::Abgr8888,
+            (size.w, size.h).into(),
+        )?);
+    }
+
+    // Rebinding for each capture restores GL state after readback.
+    let mut target = renderer.bind(texture.as_mut().expect("capture target allocated"))?;
+    redraw_output(renderer, &mut target, output, elements)?;
+    Ok(target)
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use smithay::backend::egl::{EGLContext, EGLDevice, EGLDisplay};
+    use smithay::backend::renderer::element::solid::SolidColorRenderElement;
+    use smithay::backend::renderer::element::{Id, Kind};
+    use smithay::backend::renderer::utils::CommitCounter;
+    use smithay::backend::renderer::{Color32F, ExportMem};
+    use smithay::output::{Mode, PhysicalProperties, Subpixel};
+    use smithay::utils::{Physical, Rectangle, Transform};
+
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "requires an EGL rendering device"]
+    fn capture_recomposes_cursor_without_touching_the_display_target() {
+        let device = EGLDevice::enumerate().unwrap().last().expect("an EGL device");
+        let display = unsafe { EGLDisplay::new(device).unwrap() };
+        let context = EGLContext::new(&display).unwrap();
+        let mut renderer = unsafe { GlesRenderer::new(context).unwrap() };
+        let output = Output::new(
+            "capture".into(),
+            PhysicalProperties {
+                size: (0, 0).into(),
+                subpixel: Subpixel::Unknown,
+                make: "test".into(),
+                model: "test".into(),
+            },
+        );
+        output.change_current_state(
+            Some(Mode {
+                size: (32, 24).into(),
+                refresh: 60_000,
+            }),
+            Some(Transform::Normal),
+            None,
+            None,
+        );
+        let background = SolidColorRenderElement::new(
+            Id::new(),
+            Rectangle::<i32, Physical>::from_size((32, 24).into()),
+            CommitCounter::default(),
+            Color32F::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+            Kind::Unspecified,
+        );
+        let cursor = SolidColorRenderElement::new(
+            Id::new(),
+            Rectangle::new((0, 0).into(), (4, 4).into()),
+            CommitCounter::default(),
+            Color32F::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+            Kind::Cursor,
+        );
+        let mut displayed = None;
+        let mut capture = None;
+        {
+            let _ = render_capture(
+                &mut renderer,
+                &mut displayed,
+                &output,
+                std::slice::from_ref(&background),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        }
+
+        for (elements, expected) in [
+            (vec![cursor, background.clone()], [0, 255, 0, 255]),
+            (vec![background], [255, 0, 0, 255]),
+        ] {
+            let target = render_capture(&mut renderer, &mut capture, &output, &elements).unwrap();
+            let mapping = renderer
+                .copy_framebuffer(&target, Rectangle::from_size((32, 24).into()), Fourcc::Abgr8888)
+                .unwrap();
+            let pixels = renderer.map_texture(&mapping).unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(&pixels[..4], &expected);
+            assert_eq!(&pixels[(12 * 32 + 16) * 4..(12 * 32 + 16) * 4 + 4], &[255, 0, 0, 255]);
+            drop(target);
+
+            let target = renderer.bind(displayed.as_mut().unwrap()).unwrap();
+            let mapping = renderer
+                .copy_framebuffer(&target, Rectangle::from_size((32, 24).into()), Fourcc::Abgr8888)
+                .unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(&renderer.map_texture(&mapping).unwrap()[..4], &[255, 0, 0, 255]);
+        }
+
+        output.change_current_state(
+            Some(Mode {
+                size: (48, 16).into(),
+                refresh: 60_000,
+            }),
+            Some(Transform::_90),
+            None,
+            None,
+        );
+        let _ = render_capture::<SolidColorRenderElement>(&mut renderer, &mut capture, &output, &[]).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(capture.as_ref().unwrap().size(), (48, 16).into());
+    }
+}

compositor/src/backends/direct/planes.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+use smithay::backend::drm::compositor::FrameFlags;
+
+pub(super) fn frame_flags(fullscreen: bool, animating: bool, locked: bool) -> FrameFlags {
+    let mut flags = FrameFlags::ALLOW_CURSOR_PLANE_SCANOUT;
+
+    if fullscreen && !animating && !locked {
+        flags |= FrameFlags::ALLOW_PRIMARY_PLANE_SCANOUT;
+    }
+
+    // Overlay planes stay disabled until their effects and capture behavior
+    // have been validated on hardware independently of fullscreen scanout.
+    flags
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn only_settled_unlocked_fullscreen_frames_allow_primary_scanout() {
+        for fullscreen in [false, true] {
+            for animating in [false, true] {
+                for locked in [false, true] {
+                    let flags = frame_flags(fullscreen, animating, locked);
+                    assert_eq!(
+                        flags.contains(FrameFlags::ALLOW_PRIMARY_PLANE_SCANOUT),
+                        fullscreen && !animating && !locked,
+                    );
+                    assert!(flags.contains(FrameFlags::ALLOW_CURSOR_PLANE_SCANOUT));
+                    assert!(!flags.intersects(
+                        FrameFlags::ALLOW_PRIMARY_PLANE_SCANOUT_ANY
+                            | FrameFlags::ALLOW_OVERLAY_PLANE_SCANOUT
+                            | FrameFlags::SKIP_CURSOR_ONLY_UPDATES
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

compositor/src/render/decorations.rs

@@ -403,14 +403,20 @@ pub(super) fn rounded_window_elements(
         )
         .into_iter()
         .map(|inner| {
-            RoundedSurfaceRenderElement {
+            if radius == 0.0 {
-                inner,
+                // Rectangular clipping is already enforced by the outer crop
-                programs: programs.clone(),
+                // element. Keep the raw surface available for fullscreen scanout.
-                clip_rect: clip,
+                WindowContentRenderElement::from(inner)
-                radius,
+            } else {
-                clip_changed,
+                RoundedSurfaceRenderElement {
+                    inner,
+                    programs: programs.clone(),
+                    clip_rect: clip,
+                    radius,
+                    clip_changed,
+                }
+                .into()
             }
-            .into()
         }),
     );
 

compositor/src/render/mod.rs

@@ -485,8 +485,9 @@ impl RenderElement<GlesRenderer> for RoundedSurfaceRenderElement {
         }
     }
 
-    fn underlying_storage(&self, renderer: &mut GlesRenderer) -> Option<UnderlyingStorage<'_>> {
+    fn underlying_storage(&self, _renderer: &mut GlesRenderer) -> Option<UnderlyingStorage<'_>> {
-        self.inner.underlying_storage(renderer)
+        // Storage is deliberately hidden: plane scanout would bypass clipping.
+        None
     }
 }
 

compositor/src/state.rs

@@ -749,12 +749,16 @@ impl Ferese {
         self.pending_dmabuf_imports.push((dmabuf, notifier));
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn process_dmabuf_imports<R>(&mut self, renderer: &mut R)
+    pub(crate) fn process_dmabuf_imports<R>(&mut self, renderer: &mut R, node: Option<DrmNode>)
     where
         R: ImportDma,
     {
         for (dmabuf, notifier) in self.pending_dmabuf_imports.drain(..) {
             if renderer.import_dmabuf(&dmabuf, None).is_ok() {
+                if let Some(node) = node {
+                    dmabuf.set_node(node);
+                }
+
                 if let Err(error) = notifier.successful::<Self>() {
                     tracing::debug!(?error, "dma-buf client disappeared before import completed");
                 }

compositor/src/winit.rs

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ pub fn init(event_loop: &mut EventLoop<Ferese>, state: &mut Ferese) -> Result<()
                     let rendered = (|| -> DamageRenderResult {
                         {
                             let (renderer, mut framebuffer) = backend.bind()?;
-                            state.process_dmabuf_imports(renderer);
+                            state.process_dmabuf_imports(renderer, None);
                             let elements = animated_window_elements(state, renderer, &output);
                             let effects = frame_effect_metrics(&elements, output.current_scale().fractional_scale());
                             let result = damage_tracker.render_output(

scripts/tests/test_window_capture_isolated.py

@@ -35,10 +35,19 @@ class WindowCapture(unittest.TestCase):
             config = root / "config/ferese/config.kdl"
             config.parent.mkdir(parents=True)
             config.write_text('window-rule app-id="ferese.test.window-capture" floating=#true\n')
+            # Remembered geometry deliberately places both clients together;
+            # ordinary placement now avoids overlap. Keep host state isolated.
+            state = root / "state/ferese"
+            state.mkdir(parents=True)
+            (state / "floating.json").write_text(json.dumps({
+                "ferese.test.window-capture": {
+                    "output": "ferese-winit", "fractions": [.1, .1, .4, .4],
+                },
+            }))
             display = Path(os.environ["WAYLAND_DISPLAY"])
             if not display.is_absolute():
                 display = Path(os.environ["XDG_RUNTIME_DIR"]) / display
-            env = dict(os.environ, XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=str(runtime), XDG_CONFIG_HOME=str(root / "config"), WAYLAND_DISPLAY=str(display), FERESE_ENABLE_SCREENCOPY="1")
+            env = dict(os.environ, XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=str(runtime), XDG_CONFIG_HOME=str(root / "config"), XDG_STATE_HOME=str(root / "state"), WAYLAND_DISPLAY=str(display), FERESE_ENABLE_SCREENCOPY="1")
             env.pop("WAYLAND_SOCKET", None)
             env.pop("FERESE_SHELL_CONTROL_SOCKET", None)
             log = (root / "compositor.log").open("w")