Add audio and region recording; make routine CI manual (#25)

The top-bar recorder previously saved a full monitor without sound. It now lets you select a region within one monitor and choose system audio, microphone audio, or both. Audio remains off by default, and recordings with audio are saved as VP8/Opus WebM files. The portal still controls screen access and cancellation; stopping from the bar or ending the video stream finishes the recording, including its audio tracks.

Region selection accounts for fractional display scales and negative monitor coordinates. The picker keeps its action buttons visible while the display list and recording options scroll together. The picker, dependency lists, and recording documentation now explain the available choices and the slurp and audio requirements.

Routine pushes and pull requests no longer start CI runners. Workspace checks and website deployment are manual, while release checks run when requested manually, through a version tag, or through a PR labeled `release`. Publishing still requires a pushed version tag. This also fixes release asset checksums by normalizing RPM filenames before generating the checksum file.

Validated locally with a release build, portal and shell recorder tests, formatting, Clippy, actionlint, packaging tests, and mocked publishing checks. Media tests encoded and decoded cropped video with audio, checked that video termination finishes live audio, and exercised system, microphone, and combined capture against a private PipeWire-Pulse server. Mixed recordings must contain both fixture frequencies, with negative controls for either missing source. The picker was also checked on 800 × 600 and 800 × 400 desktops and opened in a live nested window.

.github/workflows/pages.yml

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
 name: Deploy website to GitHub Pages
 on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-    paths:
-      - "site/**"
-      - "docs/**"
-      - "assets/branding/**"
-      - "scripts/build-site.py"
-      - ".github/workflows/pages.yml"
   workflow_dispatch:
 permissions:
   contents: read

.github/workflows/release-checks.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 name: Workspace release checks
 on:
-  pull_request:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
   workflow_dispatch:
   workflow_call:
 permissions:
@@ -68,6 +65,11 @@ jobs:
           cargo test --locked -p ferese state::capture_privacy::tests -- --ignored
           cargo test --locked -p ferese backends::direct::capture::tests::capture_recomposes_cursor_without_touching_the_display_target -- --ignored
           cargo test --locked -p ferese winit::tests::capture_failure_restores_display_target_and_subsequent_frames_render -- --ignored
+      - name: Test recorder audio, cropping and stream revocation
+        run: |
+          cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record encoder_finishes_a_real_webm -- --ignored
+          cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record encoder_saves_cropped_video_and_mixed_audio_when_stopped -- --ignored
+          cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record video_eos_finishes_live_audio_without_waiting_for_the_user -- --ignored
       - name: Test native shell, visibility and resize behavior
         run: |
           install -m 0644 packaging/pam.d/ferese-lock.fedora /etc/pam.d/ferese-lock

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -166,6 +166,17 @@ jobs:
           RELEASE_TAG: ${{ github.ref_name }}
         run: |
           cd artifacts
+          # GitHub replaces '~' in uploaded filenames. Use those same download
+          # names in SHA256SUMS so verification works after downloading RPMs.
+          python3 - <<'PY'
+          from pathlib import Path
+          for source in Path('.').glob('*.rpm'):
+              destination = source.with_name(source.name.replace('~', '.'))
+              if source != destination:
+                  if destination.exists():
+                      raise SystemExit(f'Duplicate release asset: {destination}')
+                  source.rename(destination)
+          PY
           rm SHA256SUMS
           sha256sum * > SHA256SUMS
           gh release upload "$RELEASE_TAG" ./* --clobber

.github/workflows/workspace-checks.yml

@@ -1,38 +1,5 @@
 name: Workspace and native stability checks
 on:
-  pull_request:
-    paths:
-      - "compositor/**"
-      - "crates/**"
-      - "shell/**"
-      - "portal/**"
-      - "feresectl/**"
-      - "scripts/**"
-      - "packaging/**"
-      - "assets/**"
-      - "LICENSE"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - "rustfmt.toml"
-      - "Cargo.toml"
-      - "Cargo.lock"
-      - ".github/workflows/workspace-checks.yml"
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-    paths:
-      - "compositor/**"
-      - "crates/**"
-      - "shell/**"
-      - "portal/**"
-      - "feresectl/**"
-      - "scripts/**"
-      - "packaging/**"
-      - "assets/**"
-      - "LICENSE"
-      - "rust-toolchain.toml"
-      - "rustfmt.toml"
-      - "Cargo.toml"
-      - "Cargo.lock"
-      - ".github/workflows/workspace-checks.yml"
   workflow_dispatch:
 permissions:
   contents: read

docs/development.md

@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ Use release builds for performance and animation checks. Preview changes in a
 [nested session](installation.md#preview-and-logs) before testing hardware behavior.
 Keep another desktop available for direct-session recovery.
 
+Run CI manually when a change needs it. Ordinary pushes and pull requests do not
+start build runners, and website deployment is manual. Release tags and pull
+requests labeled `release` run the release checks and package builds.
+
 CI checks formatting, lints and tests across the whole workspace, including the
 shell, settings, portal and CLI. The Fedora workspace job also builds desktop
 binaries and runs installer, session-recovery and private portal-contract checks. The
@@ -73,6 +77,8 @@ Check real encoding and the private InputCapture transport:
 
 ```sh
 cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record encoder_finishes_a_real_webm -- --ignored
+cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record encoder_saves_cropped_video_and_mixed_audio_when_stopped -- --ignored
+cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese --bin ferese-record video_eos_finishes_live_audio_without_waiting_for_the_user -- --ignored
 cargo test --locked -p ferese input_capture::tests
 cargo test --locked -p xdg-desktop-portal-ferese eis::tests -- --ignored
 ```

docs/installation.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ sudo dnf install python3 git curl gcc gcc-c++ make cmake pkgconf-pkg-config \
   freetype-devel expat-devel dbus-daemon dbus-tools desktop-file-utils foot pam \
   clang clang-devel pipewire-devel pipewire wireplumber polkit polkit-libs \
   xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk \
-  gstreamer1-devel gstreamer1-plugins-base gstreamer1-plugins-good pipewire-gstreamer
+  gstreamer1-devel gstreamer1-plugins-base gstreamer1-plugins-good pipewire-gstreamer pipewire-pulseaudio slurp
 ```
 
 ### Arch Linux
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ sudo pacman -S --needed python base-devel git curl cmake pkgconf wayland libxkbc
   libinput systemd seatd mesa libdrm fontconfig freetype2 expat dbus \
   desktop-file-utils foot pam clang pipewire libpipewire wireplumber polkit \
   xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk \
-  gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugin-pipewire
+  gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugin-pipewire pipewire-pulse slurp
 ```
 
 ### Debian and Ubuntu
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ sudo apt install python3 build-essential git curl cmake pkg-config libwayland-de
   libpipewire-0.3-dev libspa-0.2-dev pipewire wireplumber polkitd libpolkit-agent-1-0 \
   xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk \
   libgstreamer1.0-dev gstreamer1.0-pipewire gstreamer1.0-plugins-base \
-  gstreamer1.0-plugins-good
+  gstreamer1.0-plugins-good pipewire-pulse slurp
 ```
 
 Installation has been tested on Fedora. Package names or versions may differ on

docs/screen-sharing.md

@@ -7,12 +7,17 @@ portal and PipeWire dependencies.
 ## Record from the top bar
 
 1. Click the recording icon.
-2. Select a monitor and click **Share**.
+2. Choose a display and an audio source: **Off**, **System sound**, **Microphone**,
-3. Click the stop square to finish.
+   or **Both**. Audio is off by default; the other choices use
+   your default output or input device from audio settings.
+3. Click **Record** to capture the whole display. For part of it, turn on
+   **Select a region**, click **Select region**, then drag a rectangle inside
+   the chosen display. Press Escape to cancel selection.
+4. Click the stop square to finish.
 
-The recorder saves VP8 WebM files under `Ferese` in your XDG Videos folder, then
+The recorder saves WebM files with VP8 video and, when selected, Opus audio under
-shows the path in a notification. The built-in recorder does not support audio or
+`Ferese` in your XDG Videos folder, then shows the path in a notification. Region
-region recording; other recording apps can handle audio separately.
+recordings cover a rectangle within one display; they cannot span displays.
 If recording fails, a notification reports the error and any unfinished
 `.webm.part` file.
 
@@ -50,7 +55,10 @@ permissions are not saved. Stopping a stream does not erase a saved permission.
 ## Requirements and limits
 
 Install PipeWire, WirePlumber, `xdg-desktop-portal`, and `xdg-desktop-portal-gtk`.
-The built-in recorder also needs GStreamer's PipeWire, base, and good plugins;
+The built-in recorder also needs GStreamer's PipeWire, base, and good plugins.
+Region selection needs `slurp`; audio recording needs PipeWire-Pulse or PulseAudio
+and the GStreamer PulseAudio and Opus plugins. With audio set to Off, the recorder
+does not open an audio device. For distribution package names,
 see the [package lists](installation.md#requirements).
 
 The installer supplies Ferese's portal backend and selects it for screen sharing.

packaging/arch/PKGBUILD.in

@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@ depends=('wayland' 'libxkbcommon' 'libinput' 'systemd-libs' 'seatd' 'mesa' 'libd
          'wireplumber' 'libpipewire' 'gstreamer' 'xdg-desktop-portal' 'xdg-desktop-portal-gtk')
 makedepends=('cargo' 'cmake' 'clang' 'pkgconf' 'python' 'desktop-file-utils')
 checkdepends=('dbus' 'vulkan-swrast' 'xorg-xauth')
-optdepends=('brightnessctl: brightness controls' 'slurp: screenshot region selection'
+optdepends=('brightnessctl: brightness controls' 'slurp: screenshot and recording region selection'
             'satty: screenshot editing' 'wl-clipboard: screenshot clipboard'
             'gst-plugins-base: recording codecs' 'gst-plugins-good: recording codecs'
             'gst-plugin-pipewire: PipeWire recording'
+            'pipewire-pulse: system sound and microphone recording'
             'xorg-xwayland: X11 applications' 'xwayland-satellite: X11 application integration (requires readiness support)')
 # GCC LTO objects from the SPA C wrappers cannot be linked by Rust's lld.
 options=('!lto')

packaging/arch/ferese-git/PKGBUILD

@@ -10,10 +10,11 @@ depends=('wayland' 'libxkbcommon' 'libinput' 'systemd-libs' 'seatd' 'mesa' 'libd
          'wireplumber' 'libpipewire' 'gstreamer' 'xdg-desktop-portal' 'xdg-desktop-portal-gtk')
 makedepends=('cargo' 'cmake' 'clang' 'pkgconf' 'python' 'git' 'desktop-file-utils')
 checkdepends=('dbus' 'vulkan-swrast' 'xorg-xauth')
-optdepends=('brightnessctl: brightness controls' 'slurp: screenshot region selection'
+optdepends=('brightnessctl: brightness controls' 'slurp: screenshot and recording region selection'
             'satty: screenshot editing' 'wl-clipboard: screenshot clipboard'
             'gst-plugins-base: recording codecs' 'gst-plugins-good: recording codecs'
             'gst-plugin-pipewire: PipeWire recording'
+            'pipewire-pulse: system sound and microphone recording'
             'xorg-xwayland: X11 applications' 'xwayland-satellite: X11 application integration (requires readiness support)')
 provides=('ferese')
 conflicts=('ferese')

packaging/fedora/ferese.spec.in

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ Requires:       xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-gtk
 Requires:       libEGL.so.1()(64bit) fontconfig freetype
 Recommends:     brightnessctl slurp wl-clipboard satty
 Recommends:     gstreamer1-plugins-base gstreamer1-plugins-good pipewire-gstreamer
+Recommends:     pipewire-pulseaudio
 
 %description
 Ferese includes a scrolling Wayland compositor, desktop shell, Settings,

portal/src/backend.rs

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ struct Session {
     cursor: bool,
     source_types: u32,
     bar_controlled: bool,
+    recording: Option<crate::recording::Recording>,
     persist_mode: u32,
     restore: Option<crate::restore::Restore>,
     cancel: Arc<Cancel>,
@@ -107,23 +108,31 @@ struct RecorderControl(Backend);
 
 #[zbus::interface(name = "org.ferese.ScreenRecorder")]
 impl RecorderControl {
+    async fn recording_options(
+        &self,
+        session_handle: OwnedObjectPath,
+        #[zbus(connection)] connection: &Connection,
+        #[zbus(header)] header: Header<'_>,
+    ) -> zbus::fdo::Result<String> {
+        authorize_recorder(&session_handle, connection, &header).await?;
+        let sessions = self.0.sessions.lock().await;
+        let session = sessions
+            .get(session_handle.as_str())
+            .ok_or_else(|| error("Unknown session"))?;
+        if !session.bar_controlled || session.phase != Phase::Running {
+            return Err(error("Recording has not started"));
+        }
+        serde_json::to_string(&session.recording.ok_or_else(|| error("No recording options"))?)
+            .map_err(|e| error(&e.to_string()))
+    }
+
     async fn use_bar_controls(
         &self,
         session_handle: OwnedObjectPath,
         #[zbus(connection)] connection: &Connection,
         #[zbus(header)] header: Header<'_>,
     ) -> zbus::fdo::Result<()> {
-        let sender = header.sender().ok_or_else(|| error("Missing recorder caller"))?;
+        authorize_recorder(&session_handle, connection, &header).await?;
-        if !owns_session(sender.as_str(), session_handle.as_str()) {
-            return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::AccessDenied("Not your recording session".into()));
-        }
-        let dbus = zbus::fdo::DBusProxy::new(connection).await?;
-        let pid = dbus.get_connection_unix_process_id(sender.clone().into()).await?;
-        if !shell_recorder(pid) {
-            return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::AccessDenied(
-                "The shell must own the recording controls".into(),
-            ));
-        }
         let mut sessions = self.0.sessions.lock().await;
         let session = sessions
             .get_mut(session_handle.as_str())
@@ -136,6 +145,25 @@ impl RecorderControl {
     }
 }
 
+async fn authorize_recorder(
+    handle: &OwnedObjectPath,
+    connection: &Connection,
+    header: &Header<'_>,
+) -> zbus::fdo::Result<()> {
+    let sender = header.sender().ok_or_else(|| error("Missing recorder caller"))?;
+    if !owns_session(sender.as_str(), handle.as_str()) {
+        return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::AccessDenied("Not your recording session".into()));
+    }
+    let dbus = zbus::fdo::DBusProxy::new(connection).await?;
+    let pid = dbus.get_connection_unix_process_id(sender.clone().into()).await?;
+    if !shell_recorder(pid) {
+        return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::AccessDenied(
+            "The shell must own the recording controls".into(),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 fn owns_session(sender: &str, path: &str) -> bool {
     let Some(sender) = sender.strip_prefix(':') else {
         return false;
@@ -299,6 +327,7 @@ impl Backend {
                 cursor: false,
                 source_types: 1,
                 bar_controlled: false,
+                recording: None,
                 persist_mode: 0,
                 restore: None,
                 cancel: Arc::default(),
@@ -433,9 +462,10 @@ impl Backend {
         let _ = connection.object_server().remove::<Request, _>(handle).await;
 
         match result {
-            Ok((children, streams, mut reply)) if !cancel.stopped.load(Ordering::SeqCst) => {
+            Ok((children, streams, mut reply, recording)) if !cancel.stopped.load(Ordering::SeqCst) => {
                 if let Some(session) = self.sessions.lock().await.get_mut(session_handle.as_str()) {
                     session.phase = Phase::Running;
+                    session.recording = recording;
                 }
                 let backend = self.clone();
                 let connection = connection.clone();
@@ -604,7 +634,15 @@ async fn start_streams(
     app: &str,
     parent: &str,
     options: StreamOptions,
-) -> Result<(Vec<Child>, Vec<(u32, Options)>, Options), StartError> {
+) -> Result<
+    (
+        Vec<Child>,
+        Vec<(u32, Options)>,
+        Options,
+        Option<crate::recording::Recording>,
+    ),
+    StartError,
+> {
     let StreamOptions {
         multiple,
         cursor,
@@ -643,8 +681,8 @@ async fn start_streams(
         .ok()?;
         Some((selected, restore.effective_mode(requested_persistence)))
     });
-    let (selected, persist_mode) = if let Some(restored) = restored {
+    let (selected, persist_mode, audio, region) = if let Some((selected, persist_mode)) = restored {
-        restored
+        (selected, persist_mode, crate::recording::Audio::Off, None)
     } else {
         let prompt = Prompt {
             app: if bar_controlled { "Ferese" } else { app }.to_owned(),
@@ -653,6 +691,7 @@ async fn start_streams(
             rememberable: rememberable.clone(),
             parent: parent.into(),
             window_capture: false,
+            recording: bar_controlled,
             persist_mode: if rememberable.is_empty() {
                 0
             } else {
@@ -671,6 +710,9 @@ async fn start_streams(
             return Err("Invalid persistence selection".into());
         }
         let selected = validate_selection(&prompt.sources, &selection.names, multiple)?;
+        if !bar_controlled && (selection.audio != crate::recording::Audio::Off || selection.region) {
+            return Err("Recording options are only available to the native recorder".into());
+        }
         crate::desktop::wait_for_surface_removal_using(|| {
             capture_ipc(
                 &cancel,
@@ -681,7 +723,34 @@ async fn start_streams(
         })
         .await?;
 
-        (selected, selection.persist_mode)
+        let region = if selection.region {
+            if selected.len() != 1 || selected[0].window_id().is_some() {
+                return Err("Region recording requires one display".into());
+            }
+            let mut command = child_command_for("slurp")?;
+            let child = command
+                .args(["-f", "%x,%y %wx%h"])
+                .stdin(Stdio::null())
+                .stdout(Stdio::piped())
+                .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
+                .spawn()
+                .map_err(|e| format!("Cannot select a recording region; install slurp: {e}"))?;
+            let pid = child.id().ok_or("Missing region selector process ID")?;
+            let selection = child.wait_with_output().await.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+            if !selection.status.success() {
+                return Err(StartError::Cancelled);
+            }
+            crate::desktop::wait_for_surface_removal_using(|| {
+                capture_ipc(&cancel, &work, "has-client-surfaces", serde_json::json!({"pid": pid}))
+            })
+            .await?;
+            Some(crate::recording_region::Region::parse(
+                std::str::from_utf8(&selection.stdout).map_err(|_| "Invalid region selection")?,
+            )?)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        (selected, selection.persist_mode, selection.audio, region)
     };
 
     let mut reply = Options::new();
@@ -776,6 +845,28 @@ async fn start_streams(
     }
 
     let final_windows = capture_ipc(&cancel, &work, "get-windows", serde_json::json!({})).await?;
+    let recording = if bar_controlled {
+        let crop = region
+            .map(|region| {
+                let (name, ready) = streams.first().ok_or("Missing recording display")?;
+                let metadata = monitor_metadata(&final_outputs, name, ready)?;
+                let (x, y) = <(i32, i32)>::try_from(metadata["position"].try_clone().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?)
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                let (width, height) = <(i32, i32)>::try_from(metadata["size"].try_clone().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?)
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                region.crop(
+                    crate::recording_region::Region { x, y, width, height },
+                    (ready.width, ready.height),
+                )
+            })
+            .transpose()?;
+        if let Some(crop) = crop {
+            crop.validate()?;
+        }
+        Some(crate::recording::Recording { audio, crop })
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
     let streams = streams
         .into_iter()
         .map(|(name, ready)| {
@@ -799,7 +890,7 @@ async fn start_streams(
         })
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
 
-    Ok((children, streams, reply))
+    Ok((children, streams, reply, recording))
 }
 
 fn window_metadata(source: &Source, ready: &Ready) -> Result<Options, String> {

portal/src/desktop.rs

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ use crate::consent::Prompt;
 
 const PATH: &str = "/org/freedesktop/portal/desktop";
 const MAX_IMAGE_BYTES: u64 = 128 * 1024 * 1024;
-type Reply = (u32, Options);
 
+type Reply = (u32, Options);
 type RequestMap = HashMap<String, (String, Arc<Cancel>)>;
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -52,14 +52,17 @@ impl Requests {
         handle: &OwnedObjectPath,
     ) -> zbus::fdo::Result<Arc<Cancel>> {
         let owner = authorize(connection, header).await?;
+
         if !handle.as_str().starts_with(&format!("{PATH}/request/")) {
             return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::InvalidArgs("Invalid request path".into()));
         }
         let mut pending = self.0.lock().await;
+
         if pending.len() >= self.1 || pending.contains_key(handle.as_str()) {
             return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::LimitsExceeded("Request limit reached".into()));
         }
         let cancel = Arc::new(Cancel::default());
+
         if !connection
             .object_server()
             .at(
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ impl Requests {
             return Err(zbus::fdo::Error::InvalidArgs("Request already exists".into()));
         }
         pending.insert(handle.to_string(), (owner, cancel.clone()));
+
         Ok(cancel)
     }
 
@@ -113,7 +117,9 @@ impl Screenshot {
             _ = cancel.wait() => (1, Options::new()),
             result = screenshot(&app_id, &parent_window, &options) => reply(result),
         };
+
         self.0.end(connection, &handle).await;
+
         Ok(result)
     }
 
@@ -132,7 +138,9 @@ impl Screenshot {
             _ = cancel.wait() => (1, Options::new()),
             result = pick_color(&app_id, &parent_window) => reply(result),
         };
+
         self.0.end(connection, &handle).await;
+
         Ok(result)
     }
 }
@@ -163,7 +171,9 @@ impl Wallpaper {
             _ = cancel.wait() => 1,
             result = wallpaper(&app_id, &parent_window, &uri, &options, cancel.clone()) => reply(result).0,
         };
+
         self.0.end(connection, &handle).await;
+
         Ok(result)
     }
 }
@@ -190,6 +200,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn consent(
     if app.len() > 512 {
         return Err("Application ID is too long".into());
     }
+
     let prompt = Prompt {
         parent: parent.into(),
         title: title.into(),
@@ -212,15 +223,18 @@ pub(crate) async fn consent(
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     let pid = child.id().ok_or("Missing consent process ID")?;
     let mut input = child.stdin.take().unwrap();
+
     input
         .write_all(&serde_json::to_vec(&prompt).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?)
         .await
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     drop(input);
+
     let output = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(300), child.wait_with_output())
         .await
         .map_err(|_| "Consent timed out")?
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     if output.status.success() && output.stdout == b"true\n" {
         wait_for_surface_removal(pid).await?;
         Ok(true)
@@ -238,12 +252,14 @@ pub(crate) async fn ipc(command: &'static str, args: serde_json::Value) -> Resul
 pub(crate) fn ipc_sync(command: &'static str, args: serde_json::Value) -> Result<serde_json::Value, String> {
     let path = ferese_ipc::socket::resolve(None).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     let mut stream = UnixStream::connect(path).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     stream
         .set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(15)))
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     stream
         .set_write_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(2)))
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     let request = ferese_ipc::Request {
         version: ferese_ipc::VERSION,
         id: 1,
@@ -251,18 +267,22 @@ pub(crate) fn ipc_sync(command: &'static str, args: serde_json::Value) -> Result
         command: command.into(),
         args,
     };
+
     exchange(&mut stream, &request)
 }
 
 fn exchange(stream: &mut UnixStream, request: &ferese_ipc::Request) -> Result<serde_json::Value, String> {
     ferese_ipc::write_frame(stream, request).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     let response: ferese_ipc::Response = ferese_ipc::read_frame(stream).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     if response.id != request.id || response.version != ferese_ipc::VERSION {
         return Err("Unexpected compositor response ID or protocol version".into());
     }
+
     if let Some(error) = response.error {
         return Err(error.message);
     }
+
     response.result.ok_or("Missing IPC result".into())
 }
 
@@ -272,6 +292,7 @@ async fn select_geometry(point: bool) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
         command.arg("-p");
     }
     command.stdin(Stdio::null());
+
     let child = command
         .stdout(Stdio::piped())
         .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
@@ -286,6 +307,7 @@ async fn select_geometry(point: bool) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
     if !output.status.success() {
         return Ok(None);
     }
+
     let geometry = String::from_utf8(output.stdout)
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?
         .trim()
@@ -293,7 +315,9 @@ async fn select_geometry(point: bool) -> Result<Option<String>, String> {
     if geometry.len() > 128 || geometry.is_empty() {
         return Err("Invalid selection".into());
     }
+
     wait_for_surface_removal(pid).await?;
+
     Ok(Some(geometry))
 }
 
@@ -310,6 +334,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn wait_for_surface_removal_using<
         if check().await? == false {
             return Ok(());
         }
+
         tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await;
     }
     Err("Screenshot helper is still visible".into())
@@ -336,15 +361,18 @@ fn read_screenshot(path: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
             let _ = std::fs::remove_file(self.0);
         }
     }
+
     let _cleanup = Cleanup(path);
     let file = std::fs::File::open(path).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     let mut bytes = Vec::new();
     file.take(MAX_IMAGE_BYTES + 1)
         .read_to_end(&mut bytes)
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     if bytes.len() as u64 > MAX_IMAGE_BYTES {
         return Err("Screenshot is too large".into());
     }
+
     Ok(bytes)
 }
 
@@ -370,6 +398,7 @@ async fn screenshot(app: &str, parent: &str, options: &Options) -> Result<Option
     if !matches!(target, 1 | 2 | 4 | 8) {
         return Err("Unsupported screenshot target".into());
     }
+
     let active_window = if target == 8 {
         Some(
             ipc("get-focused-window", serde_json::json!({})).await?["id"]
@@ -379,6 +408,7 @@ async fn screenshot(app: &str, parent: &str, options: &Options) -> Result<Option
     } else {
         None
     };
+
     if !consent(
         app,
         parent,
@@ -391,6 +421,7 @@ async fn screenshot(app: &str, parent: &str, options: &Options) -> Result<Option
     {
         return Ok(None);
     }
+
     let bytes = match target {
         1 => capture(None).await?,
         4 => {
@@ -420,7 +451,9 @@ async fn screenshot(app: &str, parent: &str, options: &Options) -> Result<Option
         .tempfile_in(directory)
         .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
     std::io::Write::write_all(&mut file, &bytes).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     let (_, path) = file.keep().map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
     Ok(Some(HashMap::from([(
         "uri".into(),
         Value::from(file_uri(&path)?)
@@ -434,11 +467,13 @@ fn window_sources(windows: &serde_json::Value) -> Result<Vec<crate::capture::Sou
     if windows.len() > 128 {
         return Err("Too many windows to choose from".into());
     }
+
     let mut sources = Vec::new();
     for window in windows.iter().filter(|window| window["mapped"] == true) {
         let Some(id) = window["id"].as_u64() else {
             continue;
         };
+
         let title = window["title"].as_str().unwrap_or("Untitled window");
         let app = window["app_id"].as_str().unwrap_or("");
         let label = format!("{title} — {app}")
@@ -462,6 +497,7 @@ fn window_sources(windows: &serde_json::Value) -> Result<Vec<crate::capture::Sou
             scale: 1,
         });
     }
+
     Ok(sources)
 }
 
@@ -503,6 +539,7 @@ async fn select_window(app: &str, parent: &str) -> Result<Option<u64>, String> {
         multiple: false,
         parent: parent.into(),
         window_capture: true,
+        recording: false,
         persist_mode: 0,
         rememberable: Vec::new(),
     };

portal/src/main.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ mod lockdown;
 mod parent;
 mod permissions;
 mod picker;
+mod recording;
+mod recording_region;
 mod restore;
 mod settings;
 mod shortcuts;

portal/src/picker.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use ferese_theme::icons::symbolic as glyph;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 
 use crate::capture::Source;
+use crate::recording::Audio;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct Prompt {
@@ -22,6 +23,8 @@ pub struct Prompt {
     pub persist_mode: u32,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub rememberable: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub recording: bool,
 }
 
 impl Prompt {
@@ -48,6 +51,10 @@ impl Prompt {
 pub(crate) struct Selection {
     pub names: Vec<String>,
     pub persist_mode: u32,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub audio: Audio,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub region: bool,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -57,6 +64,8 @@ enum Message {
     Attached(crate::parent::Attachment),
     Select(usize),
     Remember,
+    Audio(Audio),
+    Region,
     Share,
     Cancel,
 }
@@ -68,6 +77,8 @@ struct Picker {
     prompt: Prompt,
     selected: Vec<usize>,
     remember: bool,
+    audio: Audio,
+    region: bool,
     background: cosmic::iced::Color,
     palette: ferese_theme::Palette,
     font: cosmic::font::Font,
@@ -86,7 +97,10 @@ pub fn run() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     }
 
     let (theme, font, background, palette) = appearance();
-    let height = 180. + prompt.source_list_height() + if prompt.persist_mode > 0 { 48. } else { 0. };
+    let height = 180.
+        + prompt.source_list_height()
+        + if prompt.persist_mode > 0 { 48. } else { 0. }
+        + if prompt.recording { 190. } else { 0. };
     cosmic::app::run::<Picker>(
         Settings::default()
             .size(cosmic::iced::Size::new(400., height))
@@ -129,6 +143,8 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
             prompt,
             selected: Vec::new(),
             remember: false,
+            audio: Audio::Off,
+            region: false,
             background,
             palette,
             font,
@@ -138,7 +154,9 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
             .main_window_id()
             .map(|id| {
                 app.set_window_title(
-                    if app.prompt.window_capture {
+                    if app.prompt.recording {
+                        "Ferese — screen recording".into()
+                    } else if app.prompt.window_capture {
                         "Ferese — capture a window".into()
                     } else {
                         "Ferese — share your screen".into()
@@ -211,6 +229,8 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
                 self.remember &= self.can_remember();
             }
             Message::Remember if self.can_remember() => self.remember = !self.remember,
+            Message::Audio(audio) if self.prompt.recording => self.audio = audio,
+            Message::Region if self.prompt.recording => self.region = !self.region,
             Message::Share if !self.selected.is_empty() => {
                 let names: Vec<_> = self.selected.iter().map(|i| &self.prompt.sources[*i].name).collect();
                 if self.prompt.window_capture {
@@ -223,6 +243,8 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
                         } else {
                             0
                         },
+                        audio: self.audio,
+                        region: self.region,
                     };
                     println!("{}", serde_json::to_string(&selection).unwrap());
                 }
@@ -249,32 +271,36 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
         } else {
             &self.prompt.app
         };
-        let mut content = column([]).width(Length::Fill).height(Length::Fill).spacing(10).push(
+        let header = row![
-            row![
+            glyph(ferese_theme::icons::DISPLAY, 24),
-                glyph(ferese_theme::icons::DISPLAY, 24),
+            column![
-                column![
+                self.text(if self.prompt.recording {
-                    self.text(if self.prompt.window_capture {
+                    "Record your screen"
-                        "Choose a window"
+                } else if self.prompt.window_capture {
-                    } else {
+                    "Choose a window"
-                        "Choose what to share"
+                } else {
-                    })
+                    "Choose what to share"
-                    .size(17),
+                })
-                    self.text(format!(
+                .size(17),
+                self.text(if self.prompt.recording {
+                    "Saved to your Videos folder".to_owned()
+                } else {
+                    format!(
                         "{} {app}",
                         if self.prompt.window_capture {
                             "Screenshot for"
                         } else {
                             "Share with"
                         }
-                    ))
+                    )
-                    .size(12),
+                })
-                ]
+                .size(12),
-                .spacing(2)
-                .width(Length::Fill),
             ]
-            .spacing(12)
+            .spacing(2)
-            .align_y(Alignment::Center),
+            .width(Length::Fill),
-        );
+        ]
+        .spacing(12)
+        .align_y(Alignment::Center);
         let mut sources = column([]).spacing(6);
         let mut previous_kind = None;
         for (index, source) in self.prompt.sources.iter().enumerate() {
@@ -315,9 +341,11 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
                     .on_press(Message::Select(index)),
             );
         }
-        content = content.push(scrollable(sources).height(Length::Fixed(self.prompt.source_list_height())));
+        let mut content = column![sources].width(Length::Fill).spacing(10);
         content = content.push(
-            self.text(if self.prompt.window_capture {
+            self.text(if self.prompt.recording {
+                "Choose a display, then record it in full or select a region."
+            } else if self.prompt.window_capture {
                 "Only the selected window will be captured."
             } else {
                 "Displays share everything visible. Windows share only their own content."
@@ -325,6 +353,36 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
             .size(12)
             .width(Length::Fill),
         );
+        if self.prompt.recording {
+            content = content.push(
+                row![
+                    self.text("Select a region").width(Length::Fill),
+                    ferese_theme::controls::switch(self.region, self.palette).on_press(Message::Region),
+                ]
+                .align_y(Alignment::Center),
+            );
+            let mut audio = column([]).spacing(4);
+            for choices in [[Audio::Off, Audio::System], [Audio::Microphone, Audio::Both]] {
+                let mut choices_row = row([]).spacing(4);
+                for choice in choices {
+                    choices_row = choices_row.push(
+                        ferese_theme::controls::text_button(
+                            choice.label(),
+                            self.font,
+                            self.palette,
+                            self.audio == choice,
+                        )
+                        .width(Length::Fill)
+                        .on_press(Message::Audio(choice)),
+                    );
+                }
+                audio = audio.push(choices_row);
+            }
+            content = content.push(self.text("Audio").size(12)).push(audio).push(
+                self.text("Uses the default output and microphone selected in audio settings.")
+                    .size(12),
+            );
+        }
         if self.prompt.persist_mode > 0 && !self.prompt.window_capture {
             let label = if !self.can_remember() {
                 "This selection needs approval each time"
@@ -345,7 +403,13 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
         }
 
         let share = ferese_theme::controls::text_button(
-            if self.prompt.window_capture { "Capture" } else { "Share" },
+            if self.prompt.recording {
+                if self.region { "Select region" } else { "Record" }
+            } else if self.prompt.window_capture {
+                "Capture"
+            } else {
+                "Share"
+            },
             self.font,
             self.palette,
             true,
@@ -358,14 +422,24 @@ impl cosmic::Application for Picker {
                 self.background.a,
             ))
             .on_press(Message::Cancel);
-        content = content
+        let footer = row![cosmic::iced::widget::Space::new().width(Length::Fill), cancel, share]
-            .push(cosmic::iced::widget::Space::new().height(Length::Fill))
+            .spacing(10)
-            .push(
+            .align_y(Alignment::Center);
-                row![cosmic::iced::widget::Space::new().width(Length::Fill), cancel, share]
+        // Reserve space for the actions even when the compositor shrinks the
-                    .spacing(10)
+        // dialog. The source list and options share the remaining scroll area.
-                    .align_y(Alignment::Center),
+        container(
-            );
+            column![
-        container(content).padding(14).width(Length::Fill).into()
+                header,
+                scrollable(content).height(Length::Fill).width(Length::Fill),
+                footer
+            ]
+            .spacing(10)
+            .height(Length::Fill),
+        )
+        .padding(14)
+        .width(Length::Fill)
+        .height(Length::Fill)
+        .into()
     }
 }
 

portal/src/record_main.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! Native recording client. The portal retains capture authorization; encoding
 //! and file I/O live in this separate process, never in the shell render loop.
 mod recorder;
+mod recording;
 
 fn main() {
     if let Err(error) = tokio::runtime::Runtime::new()

portal/src/recorder.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
 use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
 
+use crate::recording::{Audio, Recording};
 use futures_util::StreamExt;
 use gstreamer as gst;
 use gstreamer::prelude::*;
@@ -25,9 +26,11 @@ pub fn event(state: &str, message: Option<&str>, path: Option<&Path>) {
     let _ = writeln!(stdout, "{value}");
     let _ = stdout.flush();
 }
+
 fn option_string(value: String) -> OwnedValue {
     OwnedValue::try_from(Value::from(value)).unwrap()
 }
+
 async fn request<B: serde::Serialize + zbus::zvariant::DynamicType>(
     connection: &Connection,
     method: &str,
@@ -48,18 +51,22 @@ async fn request<B: serde::Serialize + zbus::zvariant::DynamicType>(
         .call(method, body)
         .await
         .map_err(|e| format!("Screen recording portal unavailable: {e}"))?;
+
     if returned.as_str() != path {
         return Err("Unexpected portal request handle".into());
     }
+
     if *stop.borrow() {
         let _: Result<(), _> = request.call("Close", &()).await;
         return Ok(None);
     }
+
     tokio::select! {
         _ = stop.changed() => {
             let _: Result<(), _> = request.call("Close", &()).await;
             Ok(None)
         }
+
         signal = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(125), responses.next()) => {
             let signal = signal.map_err(|_| "Display selection timed out")?.ok_or("Portal disconnected")?;
             let (code, options): (u32, Options) = signal.body().deserialize().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
@@ -70,6 +77,7 @@ async fn request<B: serde::Serialize + zbus::zvariant::DynamicType>(
 
 pub async fn run() -> Result<(), String> {
     gst::init().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
     for factory in ["pipewiresrc", "queue", "videoconvert", "vp8enc", "webmmux", "fdsink"] {
         if gst::ElementFactory::find(factory).is_none() {
             return Err(format!(
@@ -77,12 +85,15 @@ pub async fn run() -> Result<(), String> {
             ));
         }
     }
+
     let output = output_directory()?;
     let (stop_send, mut stop) = watch::channel(false);
+
     std::thread::spawn(move || {
         let _ = std::io::stdin().read(&mut [0u8]);
         let _ = stop_send.send(true);
     });
+
     let connection = Connection::session().await.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
     let token = |step| format!("ferese_record_{}_{step}", std::process::id());
     let Some(created) = request(
@@ -100,6 +111,7 @@ pub async fn run() -> Result<(), String> {
         event("cancelled", None, None);
         return Ok(());
     };
+
     let handle = created.get("session_handle").ok_or("Portal returned no session")?;
     // The public portal historically returns this path as a D-Bus string.
     let handle = OwnedObjectPath::try_from(
@@ -108,27 +120,33 @@ pub async fn run() -> Result<(), String> {
     .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
     // Older/foreign backends keep their normal sharing indicator. Only Ferese
     // can verify this helper's identity and that its parent owns a bar stop button.
-    let _ = tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(3), async {
+    let native = matches!(
-        let control = Proxy::new(
+        tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(3), async {
-            &connection,
+            let control = Proxy::new(
-            "org.freedesktop.impl.portal.desktop.ferese",
+                &connection,
-            "/org/ferese/ScreenRecorder",
+                "org.freedesktop.impl.portal.desktop.ferese",
-            "org.ferese.ScreenRecorder",
+                "/org/ferese/ScreenRecorder",
-        )
+                "org.ferese.ScreenRecorder",
-        .await?;
+            )
-        control.call::<_, _, ()>("UseBarControls", &(handle.clone(),)).await
+            .await?;
-    })
+            control.call::<_, _, ()>("UseBarControls", &(handle.clone(),)).await
-    .await;
+        })
+        .await,
+        Ok(Ok(()))
+    );
+
     let session = Proxy::new(&connection, DESKTOP, handle.as_str(), "org.freedesktop.portal.Session")
         .await
         .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-    let result = record_session(&connection, &session, &handle, &token, &output, &mut stop).await;
+    let result = record_session(&connection, &session, &handle, &token, &output, &mut stop, native).await;
     let _: Result<(), _> = session.call("Close", &()).await;
+
     match result {
         Ok(Some(path)) => event("saved", None, Some(&path)),
         Ok(None) => event("cancelled", None, None),
         Err(e) => return Err(e),
     }
+
     Ok(())
 }
 async fn record_session(
@@ -138,8 +156,10 @@ async fn record_session(
     token: &impl Fn(u8) -> String,
     output: &Path,
     stop: &mut watch::Receiver<bool>,
+    native: bool,
 ) -> Result<Option<PathBuf>, String> {
     let mut closed = session.receive_signal("Closed").await.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
     if request(
         connection,
         "SelectSources",
@@ -160,7 +180,9 @@ async fn record_session(
     {
         return Ok(None);
     }
+
     event("selecting", None, None);
+
     let Some(started) = request(
         connection,
         "Start",
@@ -172,6 +194,7 @@ async fn record_session(
     else {
         return Ok(None);
     };
+
     let streams: Vec<(u32, Options)> = started
         .get("streams")
         .ok_or("Portal returned no video stream")?
@@ -179,9 +202,32 @@ async fn record_session(
         .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
         .try_into()
         .map_err(|e: zbus::zvariant::Error| e.to_string())?;
+
     if streams.len() != 1 {
         return Err("Recording requires exactly one display".into());
     }
+
+    let recording = if native {
+        let control = Proxy::new(
+            connection,
+            "org.freedesktop.impl.portal.desktop.ferese",
+            "/org/ferese/ScreenRecorder",
+            "org.ferese.ScreenRecorder",
+        )
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        let options: String =
+            tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(3), control.call("RecordingOptions", &(handle,)))
+                .await
+                .map_err(|_| "Recording options timed out")?
+                .map_err(|e| {
+                    format!("Cannot read recording options; update the Ferese portal and recorder together: {e}")
+                })?;
+        serde_json::from_str::<Recording>(&options).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?
+    } else {
+        Recording::default()
+    };
+
     let portal = Proxy::new(connection, DESKTOP, DESKTOP_PATH, "org.freedesktop.portal.ScreenCast")
         .await
         .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
@@ -189,9 +235,11 @@ async fn record_session(
         .call("OpenPipeWireRemote", &(handle, Options::new()))
         .await
         .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
     if *stop.borrow() {
         return Ok(None);
     }
+
     let stop_capture = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(*stop.borrow()));
     let worker_stop = stop_capture.clone();
     let node = streams[0].0;
@@ -205,7 +253,8 @@ async fn record_session(
             .property("always-copy", true)
             .build()
             .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-        let result = encode(source, &output, worker_stop);
+        let audio = audio_sources(recording.audio)?;
+        let result = encode(source, audio, recording.crop, &output, worker_stop);
         drop(remote);
         result
     });
@@ -214,11 +263,13 @@ async fn record_session(
         _ = stop.changed() => { stop_capture.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed); worker.await },
         _ = closed.next() => { stop_capture.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed); worker.await },
     };
+
     result.map_err(|e| e.to_string())?.map(Some)
 }
 
 fn output_directory() -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
     let args: Vec<_> = std::env::args_os().skip(1).collect();
+
     match args.as_slice() {
         [] => dirs::video_dir()
             .or_else(|| dirs::home_dir().map(|p| p.join("Videos")))
@@ -228,19 +279,24 @@ fn output_directory() -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
         _ => Err("Usage: ferese-record [--output-dir DIRECTORY]".into()),
     }
 }
+
 fn recording_file(directory: &Path) -> Result<(File, PathBuf, PathBuf), String> {
     std::fs::create_dir_all(directory).map_err(|e| format!("Cannot create recording folder: {e}"))?;
+
     let name = format!(
         "Recording-{}-{}",
         jiff::Zoned::now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S"),
         std::process::id()
     );
+
     for suffix in 0..100 {
         let final_path = directory.join(format!("{name}-{suffix}.webm"));
         let partial = final_path.with_extension("webm.part");
+
         if final_path.exists() {
             continue;
         }
+
         match OpenOptions::new()
             .write(true)
             .create_new(true)
@@ -252,10 +308,44 @@ fn recording_file(directory: &Path) -> Result<(File, PathBuf, PathBuf), String>
             Err(e) => return Err(format!("Cannot save recording: {e}")),
         }
     }
+
     Err("Cannot choose a unique recording filename".into())
 }
 
-fn encode(source: gst::Element, output: &Path, stop: Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
+fn audio_sources(audio: Audio) -> Result<Vec<gst::Element>, String> {
+    let devices: &[&str] = match audio {
+        Audio::Off => &[],
+        Audio::System => &["@DEFAULT_MONITOR@"],
+        Audio::Microphone => &["@DEFAULT_SOURCE@"],
+        Audio::Both => &["@DEFAULT_MONITOR@", "@DEFAULT_SOURCE@"],
+    };
+    devices.iter().map(|device| {
+        gst::ElementFactory::make("pulsesrc")
+            .property("device", *device)
+            .property("client-name", "Ferese Screen Recorder")
+            .property("do-timestamp", true)
+            .property("provide-clock", false)
+            .build().map_err(|e| format!("Cannot record {}. Install the GStreamer audio plugins and run PipeWire-Pulse or PulseAudio: {e}", audio.label()))
+    }).collect()
+}
+
+fn element(factory: &str) -> Result<gst::Element, String> {
+    gst::ElementFactory::make(factory)
+        .build()
+        .map_err(|e| format!("Recording needs the GStreamer {factory} plugin: {e}"))
+}
+
+fn encode(
+    source: gst::Element,
+    audio: Vec<gst::Element>,
+    crop: Option<crate::recording::Crop>,
+    output: &Path,
+    stop: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
+    if let Some(crop) = crop {
+        crop.validate()?;
+    }
+
     let (file, partial, destination) = recording_file(output)?;
     let pipeline = gst::Pipeline::new();
     let result = (|| {
@@ -285,10 +375,88 @@ fn encode(source: gst::Element, output: &Path, stop: Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Result<
             .property("sync", false)
             .build()
             .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
         pipeline
             .add_many([&source, &queue, &convert, &encoder, &mux, &sink])
             .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
-        gst::Element::link_many([&source, &queue, &convert, &encoder, &mux, &sink]).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
+        if let Some(crop) = crop {
+            let filter = gst::ElementFactory::make("videocrop")
+                .property("left", crop.left)
+                .property("top", crop.top)
+                .property("right", crop.right)
+                .property("bottom", crop.bottom)
+                .build()
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+            pipeline.add(&filter).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+            gst::Element::link_many([&source, &queue, &filter, &convert, &encoder, &mux, &sink])
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        } else {
+            gst::Element::link_many([&source, &queue, &convert, &encoder, &mux, &sink]).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+        }
+
+        let mut audio_inputs = Vec::new();
+        let audio_seen = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(audio.is_empty()));
+
+        if !audio.is_empty() {
+            let mixer = element("audiomixer")?;
+            let convert = element("audioconvert")?;
+            let resample = element("audioresample")?;
+            let encoder = element("opusenc")?;
+            let audio_queue = element("queue")?;
+            pipeline
+                .add_many([&mixer, &convert, &resample, &encoder, &audio_queue])
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+            gst::Element::link_many([&mixer, &convert, &resample, &encoder, &audio_queue, &mux])
+                .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+            let seen = audio_seen.clone();
+            audio_queue
+                .static_pad("src")
+                .ok_or("Audio encoder has no output")?
+                .add_probe(gst::PadProbeType::BUFFER, move |_, info| {
+                    if info.buffer().is_some_and(|b| b.size() > 0) {
+                        seen.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                    }
+                    gst::PadProbeReturn::Ok
+                });
+
+            for source in audio {
+                let queue = element("queue")?;
+                let convert = element("audioconvert")?;
+                let resample = element("audioresample")?;
+                let caps = gst::ElementFactory::make("capsfilter")
+                    .property(
+                        "caps",
+                        gst::Caps::builder("audio/x-raw")
+                            .field("rate", 48_000i32)
+                            .field("channels", 2i32)
+                            .build(),
+                    )
+                    .build()
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                pipeline
+                    .add_many([&source, &queue, &convert, &resample, &caps])
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                gst::Element::link_many([&source, &queue, &convert, &resample, &caps, &mixer])
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+                audio_inputs.push((source, queue));
+            }
+        }
+
+        let ended = stop.clone();
+        source
+            .static_pad("src")
+            .ok_or("Capture has no video output")?
+            .add_probe(gst::PadProbeType::EVENT_DOWNSTREAM, move |_, info| {
+                if info
+                    .event()
+                    .is_some_and(|event| matches!(event.view(), gst::EventView::Eos(_)))
+                {
+                    ended.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+                }
+                gst::PadProbeReturn::Ok
+            });
+
         let announced = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let notice = announced.clone();
         source
@@ -300,41 +468,68 @@ fn encode(source: gst::Element, output: &Path, stop: Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Result<
                 }
                 gst::PadProbeReturn::Ok
             });
+
         pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Playing).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
         let bus = pipeline.bus().ok_or("Encoder has no message bus")?;
         let mut finishing = None;
         let started = Instant::now();
         let mut failure = None;
+
         loop {
             if stop.load(Ordering::Relaxed) && finishing.is_none() {
                 event("saving", None, None);
                 finishing = Some(Instant::now());
                 // Inject after the capture source: it may already have disappeared
                 // when the portal closes on lock or monitor removal.
-                if !queue
+                let _ = queue
                     .static_pad("sink")
                     .ok_or("Encoder queue has no input")?
-                    .send_event(gst::event::Eos::new())
+                    .send_event(gst::event::Eos::new());
-                {
+                for (source, queue) in &audio_inputs {
-                    // The source may already have sent EOS. Let the bus confirm
+                    // Audio devices are still alive when video is revoked.
-                    // finalization; a duplicate EOS can legitimately be rejected.
+                    // Let each source order EOS after its own startup events and
-                    failure.get_or_insert_with(|| "Encoder could not finish the recording".into());
+                    // buffers; injecting into its queue can race late caps.
+                    if !source.send_event(gst::event::Eos::new()) {
+                        let _ = queue
+                            .static_pad("sink")
+                            .ok_or("Audio queue has no input")?
+                            .send_event(gst::event::Eos::new());
+                    }
                 }
             }
+
             if finishing.is_some_and(|t: Instant| t.elapsed() > Duration::from_secs(10)) {
                 return Err(failure.unwrap_or("Finishing the recording timed out".into()));
             }
+
             if !announced.load(Ordering::Relaxed) && started.elapsed() > Duration::from_secs(15) {
                 return Err("No video frames arrived from the selected display".into());
             }
+
+            if !audio_seen.load(Ordering::Relaxed) && started.elapsed() > Duration::from_secs(15) {
+                failure = Some("No audio arrived from the selected audio source".into());
+                stop.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            }
+
             let Some(message) = bus.timed_pop(gst::ClockTime::from_mseconds(50)) else {
                 continue;
             };
+
             match message.view() {
                 gst::MessageView::Eos(_) => {
                     if !announced.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
                         return Err("Recording ended before receiving video".into());
                     }
+
+                    if !audio_seen.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                        return Err("Recording ended before receiving audio".into());
+                    }
+
+                    if let Some(failure) = failure {
+                        return Err(failure);
+                    }
+
                     return Ok(());
                 }
                 gst::MessageView::Error(error) => {
@@ -345,11 +540,13 @@ fn encode(source: gst::Element, output: &Path, stop: Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Result<
             }
         }
     })();
+
     let _ = pipeline.set_state(gst::State::Null);
     result.map_err(|e| format!("{e}. Incomplete file: {}", partial.display()))?;
     file.sync_all()
         .map_err(|e| format!("Cannot finish saving {}: {e}", partial.display()))?;
     std::fs::rename(&partial, &destination).map_err(|e| format!("Cannot finish saving {}: {e}", partial.display()))?;
+
     Ok(destination)
 }
 
@@ -384,7 +581,7 @@ mod tests {
             std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(3));
             request_stop.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
         });
-        let result = encode(source, directory.path(), stop);
+        let result = encode(source, Vec::new(), None, directory.path(), stop);
         stopper.join().unwrap();
         assert_video_decodes(&result.unwrap());
     }
@@ -405,7 +602,7 @@ mod tests {
             std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(350));
             request_stop.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
         });
-        let path = encode(source, directory.path(), stop).unwrap();
+        let path = encode(source, Vec::new(), None, directory.path(), stop).unwrap();
         stopper.join().unwrap();
         let data = std::fs::read(&path).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(&data[..4], &[0x1a, 0x45, 0xdf, 0xa3]);
@@ -413,6 +610,194 @@ mod tests {
         assert_video_decodes(&path);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "requires GStreamer video and audio plugins"]
+    fn encoder_saves_cropped_video_and_mixed_audio_when_stopped() {
+        assert_cropped_audio_recording(false, 2, None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "requires GStreamer video and audio plugins"]
+    fn video_eos_finishes_live_audio_without_waiting_for_the_user() {
+        // Models the portal ending video on lock or monitor removal while the
+        // audio devices remain available. Every track must finish together.
+        assert_cropped_audio_recording(true, 1, None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "requires an explicitly provided isolated PulseAudio test server"]
+    fn encoder_captures_isolated_system_and_microphone_audio() {
+        // The isolated fixture plays 440 Hz on the default output and 660 Hz
+        // on the default microphone. Both tones must survive combined capture.
+        let server = std::env::var("FERESE_TEST_RECORD_PULSE_SERVER").expect("isolated audio server required");
+        assert_eq!(std::env::var("PULSE_SERVER").unwrap(), server);
+        let socket = Path::new(server.strip_prefix("unix:").expect("explicit Unix socket required"));
+        assert!(socket.starts_with(std::env::temp_dir()));
+        for audio in [Audio::System, Audio::Microphone, Audio::Both, Audio::Both, Audio::Both] {
+            assert_cropped_audio_recording(false, 0, Some(audio));
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn assert_cropped_audio_recording(video_eos: bool, audio_count: usize, selected_audio: Option<Audio>) {
+        use crate::recording::Crop;
+        use std::sync::Mutex;
+        gst::init().unwrap();
+        let directory = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let video = gst::ElementFactory::make("videotestsrc")
+            .property("is-live", true)
+            .property("num-buffers", if video_eos { 18i32 } else { -1i32 })
+            .build()
+            .unwrap();
+        let audio = if let Some(selected_audio) = selected_audio {
+            audio_sources(selected_audio).unwrap()
+        } else {
+            (0..audio_count)
+                .map(|index| {
+                    gst::ElementFactory::make("audiotestsrc")
+                        .property("is-live", true)
+                        .property("freq", 440. + index as f64 * 220.)
+                        .property("volume", 0.2f64)
+                        .build()
+                        .unwrap()
+                })
+                .collect()
+        };
+        let stop = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let request_stop = stop.clone();
+        let stopper = (!video_eos).then(|| {
+            std::thread::spawn(move || {
+                std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(700));
+                request_stop.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+            })
+        });
+        let started = Instant::now();
+        // videotestsrc negotiates 320x240. Crop before RGB conversion, including
+        // odd edge offsets, and verify the saved stream's negotiated dimensions.
+        let path = encode(
+            video,
+            audio,
+            Some(Crop {
+                left: 13,
+                top: 17,
+                right: 106,
+                bottom: 94,
+            }),
+            directory.path(),
+            stop,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        if let Some(stopper) = stopper {
+            stopper.join().unwrap();
+        }
+        assert!(started.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(5));
+        assert!(!path.with_extension("webm.part").exists());
+        let decoder = gst::parse::launch(
+            "filesrc name=input ! matroskademux name=demux \
+             demux.video_0 ! queue ! vp8dec ! fakesink name=video \
+             demux.audio_0 ! queue ! opusdec ! audioconvert ! \
+             audio/x-raw,format=S16LE,rate=48000,channels=1 ! fakesink name=audio",
+        )
+        .unwrap()
+        .downcast::<gst::Pipeline>()
+        .unwrap();
+        decoder
+            .by_name("input")
+            .unwrap()
+            .set_property("location", path.to_str().unwrap());
+        let geometry = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));
+        let observed = geometry.clone();
+        decoder.by_name("video").unwrap().static_pad("sink").unwrap().add_probe(
+            gst::PadProbeType::BUFFER,
+            move |pad, _| {
+                let caps = pad.current_caps().unwrap();
+                let structure = caps.structure(0).unwrap();
+                *observed.lock().unwrap() = Some((
+                    structure.get::<i32>("width").unwrap(),
+                    structure.get::<i32>("height").unwrap(),
+                ));
+                gst::PadProbeReturn::Ok
+            },
+        );
+        let samples = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
+        let observed = samples.clone();
+        decoder.by_name("audio").unwrap().static_pad("sink").unwrap().add_probe(
+            gst::PadProbeType::BUFFER,
+            move |_, info| {
+                let buffer = info.buffer().unwrap();
+                let data = buffer.map_readable().unwrap();
+                observed.lock().unwrap().extend(
+                    data.as_slice()
+                        .chunks_exact(2)
+                        .map(|sample| i16::from_le_bytes([sample[0], sample[1]])),
+                );
+                gst::PadProbeReturn::Ok
+            },
+        );
+        decoder.set_state(gst::State::Playing).unwrap();
+        let result = decoder.bus().unwrap().timed_pop_filtered(
+            gst::ClockTime::from_seconds(5),
+            &[gst::MessageType::Eos, gst::MessageType::Error],
+        );
+        decoder.set_state(gst::State::Null).unwrap();
+        assert!(
+            matches!(result.as_ref().map(|m| m.view()), Some(gst::MessageView::Eos(_))),
+            "Saved recording did not decode: {result:?}"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(*geometry.lock().unwrap(), Some((201, 129)));
+        let samples = samples.lock().unwrap();
+        assert!(samples.len() >= 4800, "Less than 100 ms of decoded audio");
+        let frequencies = match selected_audio {
+            Some(Audio::System) => vec![440.],
+            Some(Audio::Microphone) => vec![660.],
+            Some(Audio::Both) => vec![440., 660.],
+            Some(Audio::Off) => unreachable!("These tests require audio"),
+            None => (0..audio_count).map(|index| 440. + index as f64 * 220.).collect(),
+        };
+        for frequency in frequencies {
+            let amplitude = tone_amplitude(&samples, frequency);
+            assert!(
+                amplitude > 0.05,
+                "Missing {frequency} Hz source in {selected_audio:?} recording: amplitude {amplitude:.4}"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn tone_amplitude(samples: &[i16], frequency: f64) -> f64 {
+        // Analyze the middle half to avoid device startup and encoder padding.
+        // A Hann window limits leakage from the other tone and codec noise.
+        let samples = &samples[samples.len() / 4..samples.len() * 3 / 4];
+        let mut real = 0.;
+        let mut imaginary = 0.;
+        let mut weight = 0.;
+        for (index, sample) in samples.iter().enumerate() {
+            let window = 0.5 - 0.5 * (std::f64::consts::TAU * index as f64 / (samples.len() - 1) as f64).cos();
+            let angle = std::f64::consts::TAU * frequency * index as f64 / 48_000.;
+            let sample = *sample as f64 / i16::MAX as f64 * window;
+            real += sample * angle.cos();
+            imaginary += sample * angle.sin();
+            weight += window;
+        }
+        2. * real.hypot(imaginary) / weight
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn frequency_check_rejects_a_mix_with_either_source_missing() {
+        let tone = |frequency: f64| {
+            (0..24_000)
+                .map(|index| {
+                    (0.2 * i16::MAX as f64 * (std::f64::consts::TAU * frequency * index as f64 / 48_000.).sin()) as i16
+                })
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        };
+        let system = tone(440.);
+        let microphone = tone(660.);
+        let both = system.iter().zip(&microphone).map(|(a, b)| a + b).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        assert!(tone_amplitude(&both, 440.) > 0.05);
+        assert!(tone_amplitude(&both, 660.) > 0.05);
+        assert!(tone_amplitude(&microphone, 440.) < 0.01);
+        assert!(tone_amplitude(&system, 660.) < 0.01);
+    }
+
     fn assert_video_decodes(path: &Path) {
         let decoder = gst::parse::launch("filesrc name=input ! matroskademux ! vp8dec ! fakesink")
             .unwrap()

portal/src/recording.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
+pub(crate) enum Audio {
+    #[default]
+    Off,
+    System,
+    Microphone,
+    Both,
+}
+
+impl Audio {
+    pub(crate) fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Off => "Off",
+            Self::System => "System sound",
+            Self::Microphone => "Microphone",
+            Self::Both => "Both",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(crate) struct Recording {
+    pub(crate) audio: Audio,
+    pub(crate) crop: Option<Crop>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub(crate) struct Crop {
+    pub(crate) left: i32,
+    pub(crate) top: i32,
+    pub(crate) right: i32,
+    pub(crate) bottom: i32,
+}
+
+impl Crop {
+    pub(crate) fn validate(self) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if [self.left, self.top, self.right, self.bottom]
+            .iter()
+            .any(|value| *value < 0)
+            || self.left.checked_add(self.right).is_none()
+            || self.top.checked_add(self.bottom).is_none()
+        {
+            return Err("Invalid recording crop".into());
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

portal/src/recording_region.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+//! Map an approved logical recording region into the upright video stream.
+use crate::recording::Crop;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(crate) struct Region {
+    pub(crate) x: i32,
+    pub(crate) y: i32,
+    pub(crate) width: i32,
+    pub(crate) height: i32,
+}
+
+impl Region {
+    pub(crate) fn parse(value: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let (position, size) = value.trim().split_once(' ').ok_or("Invalid region selection")?;
+        let (x, y) = position.split_once(',').ok_or("Invalid region position")?;
+        let (width, height) = size.split_once('x').ok_or("Invalid region size")?;
+        let number = |value: &str| value.parse::<i32>().map_err(|_| "Invalid region coordinate".to_owned());
+        let region = Self {
+            x: number(x)?,
+            y: number(y)?,
+            width: number(width)?,
+            height: number(height)?,
+        };
+
+        if region.width <= 0
+            || region.height <= 0
+            || region.x.checked_add(region.width).is_none()
+            || region.y.checked_add(region.height).is_none()
+        {
+            return Err("Invalid region bounds".into());
+        }
+
+        Ok(region)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn crop(self, output: Self, physical: (u32, u32)) -> Result<Crop, String> {
+        let x = i64::from(self.x) - i64::from(output.x);
+        let y = i64::from(self.y) - i64::from(output.y);
+        let end_x = x + i64::from(self.width);
+        let end_y = y + i64::from(self.height);
+
+        if self.width <= 0
+            || self.height <= 0
+            || output.width <= 0
+            || output.height <= 0
+            || x < 0
+            || y < 0
+            || end_x > i64::from(output.width)
+            || end_y > i64::from(output.height)
+            || physical.0 == 0
+            || physical.1 == 0
+            || physical.0 > i32::MAX as u32
+            || physical.1 > i32::MAX as u32
+        {
+            return Err("Select a region entirely inside the chosen display".into());
+        }
+        // Round inward so pixels outside the selected logical rectangle never
+        // enter the recording, including at fractional output scales.
+        let near = |value: i64, pixels: u32, logical: i32| {
+            (value * i64::from(pixels) + i64::from(logical) - 1) / i64::from(logical)
+        };
+        let far = |value: i64, pixels: u32, logical: i32| value * i64::from(pixels) / i64::from(logical);
+        let left = near(x, physical.0, output.width);
+        let top = near(y, physical.1, output.height);
+        let end_x = far(end_x, physical.0, output.width);
+        let end_y = far(end_y, physical.1, output.height);
+
+        if end_x <= left || end_y <= top {
+            return Err("The selected region is smaller than one output pixel".into());
+        }
+
+        Ok(Crop {
+            left: left as i32,
+            top: top as i32,
+            right: (i64::from(physical.0) - end_x) as i32,
+            bottom: (i64::from(physical.1) - end_y) as i32,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn region_mapping_handles_negative_origins_and_fractional_scales() {
+        let output = Region::parse("-1920,20 1920x1080").unwrap();
+        let selected = Region::parse("-1919,21 100x50").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            selected.crop(output, (2400, 1350)).unwrap(),
+            Crop {
+                left: 2,
+                top: 2,
+                right: 2274,
+                bottom: 1287
+            }
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            output.crop(output, (2880, 1620)).unwrap(),
+            Crop {
+                left: 0,
+                top: 0,
+                right: 0,
+                bottom: 0
+            }
+        );
+        assert!(
+            Region::parse("-1921,20 100x50")
+                .unwrap()
+                .crop(output, (2400, 1350))
+                .is_err()
+        );
+        assert!(
+            Region::parse("-100,20 200x50")
+                .unwrap()
+                .crop(output, (2400, 1350))
+                .is_err()
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn region_selection_rejects_empty_overflow_and_malformed_bounds() {
+        for value in ["", "1,2 0x20", "1,2 -1x20", "2147483647,0 2x20", "1,2 20x30 extra"] {
+            assert!(Region::parse(value).is_err(), "{value}");
+        }
+        assert!(
+            Crop {
+                left: -1,
+                top: 0,
+                right: 0,
+                bottom: 0
+            }
+            .validate()
+            .is_err()
+        );
+    }
+}

shell/ferese-shell/src/recording.rs

@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ pub struct Recorder {
 impl Recorder {
     pub fn label(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self.state {
-            State::Selecting => "Cancel display selection",
+            State::Selecting => "Cancel recording setup",
             State::Recording(_) => "Stop recording",
             State::Saving => "Saving recording",
-            _ => "Record a display",
+            _ => "Record screen",
         }
     }